A meta-analysis and systematic review focused on the impact of chromium supplementation in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The research revealed that taking a daily supplement of 1000 mcg of chromium for a period of 8 to 24 weeks demonstrated effectiveness in reducing fasting insulin levels and body mass index (BMI) in individuals with PCOS.

The findings suggest that chromium supplementation may offer potential benefits in managing insulin resistance and weight-related factors associated with PCOS. However, it is important to note that individual results may vary, and further research is required to fully understand the long-term effects and optimal dosage of chromium supplementation in PCOS management.

Chromium (Cr) is a naturally occurring chemical element that is found in various forms in the Earth's crust. It is a relatively abundant element and is commonly found in several environments and geological materials. Here are some natural sources and occurrences of chromium:

• Chromium Ores: The primary source of chromium is chromite ore, which is a dark, brownish-black mineral composed mainly of iron, chromium, and oxygen. Chromite is the most important chromium ore and is commonly found in igneous rocks, particularly in ultramafic rocks like peridotite and serpentinite.

• Sedimentary Rocks: Chromium can also be present in sedimentary rocks as a result of the weathering and erosion of chromite-bearing rocks. Chromium may leach into soils and sediments in regions where chromite deposits are exposed to weathering processes.

• Soils: Chromium is naturally present in soils to varying degrees, depending on the geological composition of the area. In some regions, soils may contain higher concentrations of chromium due to the underlying geology.

• Mineral Springs: Chromium can be found in some mineral springs, where it may dissolve from geological formations and mix with groundwater.

• Volcanic Rocks: Chromium can be associated with volcanic rocks, especially in areas with chromite-rich magmas.

• Serpentinite: Serpentinite rocks, which are formed from the hydration and alteration of ultramafic rocks, can contain significant amounts of chromium.

• Ores and Deposits: Aside from chromite, chromium can also be found in other mineral ores, such as magnesiochromite and chromian spinel, which may be associated with other valuable minerals.

• Metamorphic Rocks: Chromium can be present in metamorphic rocks that have undergone changes in temperature and pressure. It may be incorporated into minerals during metamorphic processes.

Chromium (Cr) is a versatile element with several applications in various industries due to its unique combination of properties. It is primarily used in the form of alloys, compounds, and coatings. Here are some key applications of chromium:

• Stainless Steel Production: Chromium is a crucial component in the production of stainless steel. When added to steel in appropriate proportions (usually at least 10.5% chromium content), it forms a passive oxide layer on the surface of the steel, providing resistance to corrosion, staining, and rusting. Stainless steel is widely used in construction, appliances, cutlery, and many other applications.

• Chrome Plating: Chromium is used for electroplating to create a thin, protective layer of chromium on the surface of various materials, including metals, plastics, and ceramics. Chrome-plated items are known for their attractive, shiny appearance and corrosion resistance. Common examples include automotive trim, faucets, and motorcycle parts.

• Alloying: Chromium is used as an alloying element in various alloys to impart specific properties. For example, it is added to nickel-based superalloys to improve their high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for aerospace and gas turbine applications.

• Chromium Compounds in Chemical Industry: Chromium compounds find applications in the chemical industry, where they are used as catalysts in various chemical reactions and processes. Chromium oxide (Cr2O3) is used in the production of pigments, ceramic glazes, and refractory materials.

• Aerospace and Defence: Chromium-coated components are used in the aerospace and defense industries due to their resistance to corrosion and wear. Chromium is used in aircraft parts, landing gear, and military equipment.

• Automotive Industry: Chromium is used in the automotive industry for various purposes, including chrome-plated trim, wheels, and exhaust systems. It enhances the aesthetics of vehicles and provides corrosion resistance.

• Electrothermal Alloys: Alloys containing chromium, such as nichrome (nickel-chromium alloys), are used in heating elements and resistance wires for applications like electric heaters, toasters, and electrical furnaces.

• Metal Finishing: Chromium is used in metal finishing processes, such as anodizing and hard chrome plating, to provide improved wear resistance, corrosion protection, and surface hardness to components like pistons, cylinders, and hydraulic rods.

• Dyes and Pigments: Chromium compounds are used to produce green pigments in paints, inks, and dyes, such as chrome green and chrome yellow.

• Leather Tanning: Some chromium compounds are used in the leather industry for tanning hides and skins, improving the quality and durability of leather products.

• Catalysts: Chromium catalysts play a role in the petrochemical industry, aiding in the production of plastics and other chemicals.

• Dietary Supplements: Trivalent chromium (chromium-III) is an essential trace element for humans and is available in dietary supplements. It is believed to play a role in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.