Key benefits of cardamom include:

• Anti-inflammatory Properties: Cardamom contains compounds with anti-inflammatory properties, such as cineole and terpinene. These compounds have shown potential in reducing inflammation markers and can help in managing conditions like arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and certain respiratory conditions.

• Blood Pressure Regulation: Cardamom can help regulate blood pressure levels. The antioxidants and diuretic properties in cardamom can contribute to reducing high blood pressure.

• Blood Sugar Regulation: Cardamom can help increase insulin sensitivity, lower blood sugar levels, and reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. 

• Digestive Health: Cardamom has been traditionally used to aid digestion. It can help promote the production of digestive enzymes, which can improve digestion and alleviate symptoms such as bloating, indigestion, and nausea.

• Oral Health Benefits: Cardamom has been traditionally used to improve oral health and freshen breath. Its antimicrobial properties can help combat oral bacteria, reduce the risk of cavities, and alleviate oral infections.

• Respiratory Health: Likely because of its cineole content, cardamom's expectorant properties make it useful in relieving respiratory symptoms. It can help loosen phlegm, ease congestion, and alleviate coughing. Additionally, cardamom's antimicrobial properties can contribute to its effectiveness in managing respiratory infections.

Avoid combining cardamom with the following medications:

• Anticoagulant Medications: Cardamom may possess mild blood-thinning properties. Concurrent use with anticoagulant medications such as warfarin or aspirin could increase the risk of bleeding. Monitor for signs of bleeding and consult with a healthcare provider.

• Blood Pressure Medications: Cardamom may have hypotensive (blood pressure-lowering) effects. Combining it with blood pressure medications could lead to excessive lowering of blood pressure. Monitor blood pressure levels regularly and consult with a healthcare provider.

• Diabetes Medications: Cardamom may lower blood sugar levels. Concurrent use with diabetes medications could enhance the effects, leading to hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar levels). Monitor blood sugar levels closely and consult with a healthcare provider.

• Sedatives and CNS Depressants: Cardamom may have mild sedative effects. Combining it with medications that also have sedative properties, such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or opioids, could enhance these effects, leading to increased drowsiness or central nervous system depression.

• Thyroid Medications: Cardamom may interfere with thyroid function. Concurrent use with thyroid medications could potentially affect thyroid hormone levels. Monitor thyroid function tests regularly and consult with a healthcare provider.

Individuals with the following allergens or medical conditions should use caution or avoid cardamom:

• Allergies to Spices: Cardamom belongs to the ginger family and may trigger allergic reactions in individuals with allergies to spices. Symptoms can include skin rash, itching, swelling, or respiratory issues such as difficulty breathing. Use cardamom cautiously if you have known spice allergies.

• Gastrointestinal Disorders: Cardamom contains certain compounds that may exacerbate gastrointestinal issues such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcers, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in some individuals. If you have these conditions, monitor your symptoms and consider avoiding cardamom if it aggravates your gastrointestinal symptoms.

• Bleeding Disorders: Cardamom has mild blood-thinning properties and may affect blood clotting. Individuals with bleeding disorders such as hemophilia or those taking anticoagulant medications should use cardamom cautiously or avoid it altogether to prevent excessive bleeding.

• Diabetes: Cardamom may lower blood sugar levels. Individuals with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels closely when consuming cardamom to avoid hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar levels). Adjustments to diabetes medications may be necessary under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

• Thyroid Disorders: Cardamom may interfere with thyroid function. Individuals with thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism should use cardamom cautiously and monitor thyroid hormone levels regularly.

• Gallstones: Individuals with gallstones should use caution when consuming cardamom. Cardamom contains compounds that may stimulate gallbladder contractions, which could potentially exacerbate symptoms in individuals with gallstones, such as pain or discomfort.

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Pregnant and breastfeeding individuals should use cardamom cautiously. While there's limited research on its safety during pregnancy and lactation, excessive consumption of cardamom may lead to adverse effects. It's advisable to consult a healthcare provider before incorporating cardamom into the diet during pregnancy or lactation.