Key benefits of elderberries include:

• Anti-Inflammatory Effects: The anthocyanins and other phytochemicals in elderberries possess anti-inflammatory properties. Elderberry extracts have been found to reduce markers of inflammation in the body, benefiting conditions associated with chronic inflammation, such as arthritis.

• Cardiovascular Health: Elderberries can contribute to cardiovascular health due to their cholesterol-lowering and anti-inflammatory effects. Elderberry extracts can help reduce LDL (bad) cholesterol levels and improve markers of heart health.

• Cold and Flu Symptom Relief: Elderberry supplements or syrups have been used traditionally to alleviate symptoms of the common cold and flu. Elderberries can help reduce the severity and duration of symptoms such as fever, cough, congestion, and fatigue.

• Digestive Health: Elderberries have traditionally been used to support digestive health. They contain dietary fibre and have mild laxative properties, which can help promote regular bowel movements and prevent constipation. Furthermore, the antioxidants in elderberries can even protect against colon cancer.

• Immune Support: Elderberries are well-known for their immune-supporting properties. They are rich in antioxidants, including anthocyanins, which have been shown to boost the immune system and help protect against viral infections. Elderberry extract has been found to reduce the severity and duration of cold and flu symptoms.

• Skin Health: The antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds in elderberries can benefit skin health. Elderberry extracts have been studied for their potential to protect against UV-induced damage, reduce oxidative stress in the skin, and promote a healthy complexion.

Avoid combining elderberry with the following medications:

• Immunosuppressant Medications: Elderberry may stimulate the immune system, potentially counteracting the effects of immunosuppressant medications used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs or to treat autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus. Concurrent use of elderberry with immunosuppressants such as corticosteroids, sandimmune, tacrolimus and zenapax, could diminish their effectiveness. Consult with a healthcare provider before using elderberry if you are taking immunosuppressant medications.

• Diuretic Medications: Elderberry may have diuretic effects, increasing urine production. Concurrent use with diuretic medications could lead to excessive diuresis and electrolyte imbalance. Monitor fluid and electrolyte levels closely and consult with a healthcare provider.

• Laxative Medications: Elderberry may have laxative effects, potentially enhancing the effects of medications used to treat constipation or regulate bowel movements. Concurrent use of elderberry with laxative medications could lead to diarrhea or gastrointestinal upset. Use caution and consult with a healthcare provider.

• Blood Pressure Medications: Elderberry may have hypotensive (blood pressure-lowering) effects. Combining it with blood pressure medications could lead to excessive lowering of blood pressure. Monitor blood pressure levels regularly and consult with a healthcare provider.

• Diabetes Medications: Elderberry may affect blood sugar levels. Concurrent use with diabetes medications could enhance the effects, leading to hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar levels). Monitor blood sugar levels closely and consult with a healthcare provider.

Individuals with the following allergens or medical conditions should use caution or avoid elderberry:

• Allergies to Plants in the Adoxaceae Family: Elderberry belongs to the Adoxaceae family, which includes other plants like Viburnum and Sambucus species. Individuals with known allergies to plants in the Adoxaceae family may also be allergic to elderberry. Symptoms can include skin rash, itching, swelling, or respiratory issues such as difficulty breathing. Use elderberry cautiously if you have known Adoxaceae plant allergies.

• Autoimmune Disorders: Elderberry may stimulate the immune system, which could potentially exacerbate symptoms in individuals with autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or multiple sclerosis. The immune-stimulating effects of elderberry could trigger or worsen autoimmune reactions. Consult with a healthcare provider before using elderberry if you have an autoimmune disorder.

• Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Limited safety information is available regarding the use of elderberry during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Pregnant or breastfeeding individuals should consult with a healthcare provider before using elderberry to ensure safety for themselves and their baby.

• Diabetes or Blood Sugar Regulation: Elderberry products may contain sugars or carbohydrates that can affect blood sugar levels. Individuals with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels closely when consuming elderberry to avoid fluctuations. Adjustments to diabetes medications or insulin doses may be necessary under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

• Gastrointestinal Disorders: Elderberry may have laxative effects in some individuals, which could exacerbate gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhoea or abdominal discomfort. If you have these conditions, monitor your symptoms and consider avoiding elderberry if it worsens your gastrointestinal symptoms.