LOW SPERM COUNT

Low sperm count, also known as oligospermia, may not always present noticeable symptoms on its own. However, it can contribute to difficulties in conceiving a child. Some potential symptoms and associated issues with low sperm count may include:

• Infertility: The primary symptom of low sperm count is the inability to conceive a child, even after a year or more of regular unprotected intercourse.

• Erectile Problems: Some men with low sperm count may also experience difficulties with achieving or maintaining an erection, which can further impact fertility.

• Testicular Swelling or Pain: Swelling or discomfort in the testicles may indicate an underlying issue such as a varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum) or an infection.

• Decreased Body Hair: In some cases, low sperm count might be associated with hormonal imbalances, which can lead to reduced body hair growth.

• Difficulty Ejaculating: Low sperm count can sometimes be related to difficulties in ejaculating, which can affect fertility.

Low sperm count is classified in 3 grades: 

• Mild oligospermia: Sperm concentration between 14 and 5 million sperm per millilitre. 

• Moderate oligospermia: Sperm concentration between 5 and 1 million sperm per millilitre. 

• Severe oligospermia: Sperm concentration less than 1 million sperm per millilitre. 

Low sperm count (oligospermia) can have several underlying causes, and these causes may vary from person to person. Here is a more detailed explanation of some of the common causes of low sperm count:

• Age: Sperm count tends to decrease with age. Older men may have lower sperm counts compared to younger men.

• Sedentary Lifestyle: A lack of physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle can contribute to low sperm count.

• Excessive Ejaculation: Frequent and excessive ejaculation can temporarily reduce sperm count. However, this is usually a temporary condition, and sperm production typically returns to normal with time.

• Stress: High levels of stress, both physical and emotional, can affect hormone levels and sperm production, potentially leading to low sperm count.

• Obesity: Being overweight or obese is associated with hormonal imbalances that can negatively impact sperm production.

• Hormonal Imbalances: Various hormonal imbalances, such as low testosterone or high levels of prolactin, can affect sperm production.

• Chronic Illness: Some chronic illnesses, such as diabetes, kidney disease, and certain autoimmune conditions, can contribute to low sperm count.

• Varicocele: A varicocele is an enlargement of the veins within the scrotum. It can lead to overheating of the testicles, which may impair sperm production.

• Problems in the Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland: These areas of the brain play a crucial role in regulating hormones involved in sperm production. Any dysfunction in these regions can affect sperm count.

Medical treatment options for low sperm count (oligospermia) depend on the underlying cause and may include:

• Clomiphene Citrate: This medication is sometimes prescribed to stimulate the release of hormones that can improve sperm production in certain cases.

• Hormone Therapy: Hormone imbalances, such as low testosterone or high levels of prolactin, can be addressed with hormone replacement therapy to help improve sperm production.

• Varicocele Repair: If a varicocele is identified as the cause of low sperm count, surgical repair of the varicocele may be recommended to improve sperm production.

• Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART): In cases where natural conception is not possible, assisted reproductive techniques like in vitro fertilisation (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may be used. These techniques involve collecting sperm directly and fertilising the egg in a controlled environment.

Natural approaches to improving sperm count and overall reproductive health can be beneficial. Here are some lifestyle changes and strategies to consider:

• Healthy Diet: A well-balanced diet that includes plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can provide essential nutrients and antioxidants that support sperm health. Specific nutrients like vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin C have been linked to improved sperm quality.

• Regular Exercise: Engaging in regular physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and improve overall health, which may positively impact sperm count and quality. However, excessive and intense exercise can have the opposite effect, so moderation is key.

• Avoid Alcohol and Smoking: Limit or eliminate alcohol consumption and avoid smoking, as both can negatively affect sperm count and quality.

• Good Sleep Habits: Prioritise getting enough restful sleep each night. Quality sleep is essential for overall health, including reproductive health.

• Herbal Teas: Some herbal teas, such as green tea and ginseng, are believed to have potential benefits for sperm health. However, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional before using herbal supplements or teas, as their safety and efficacy can vary.

• Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight through diet and exercise can help optimise sperm production and hormonal balance.

• Limit Caffeine: Excessive caffeine intake may negatively impact fertility. Consider moderating your caffeine consumption.

• Stress Management: High stress levels can affect sperm quality and reproductive health. Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, yoga, deep breathing exercises, or seeking support from a mental health professional if needed.